Author's Summary
Cladosporium sphaerospermum, a quirky fungus thriving in Chernobyl's highly radioactive reactor, absorbs radiation via melanin and shows promise for shielding astronauts during space missions, as demonstrated in ISS experiments. (148 characters)
Discovery in Chernobyl
Inside one of the most radioactive reactors at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, Cladosporium sphaerospermum has developed a unique trait. This fungus actively grows toward radiation sources, using melanin pigment to capture and convert ionizing radiation into metabolic energy through a process called radiosynthesis.
Radiation Absorption Mechanism
The dematiaceous fungus gobbles up radiation, with studies confirming it blocks significant portions—up to half in thin layers—potentially due to its biomass altering radiation properties. Black molds like this remain viable after exposure equivalent to months of space radiation.
Potential for Space Travel
Experiments on the International Space Station over 26 days revealed a 1.7 mm thick layer reduced radiation by about 0.84% compared to controls, alongside a 21% growth advantage in space. This radiotrophic ability could enhance radiation shielding for Mars missions or long-duration expeditions.
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